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Anopheles sinensis
''Anopheles sinensis'' is a species of mosquito that transmits malaria as well as lymphatic filariasis. It is regarded as the most important vector of these human parasitic diseases in Southeast Asia. It is the primary vector of vivax malaria (''Plasmodium vivax'') in many regions. In China it also transmits the filalarial parasite (''Wuchereria bancrofti''), and arthropod roundworm (''Romanomermis jingdeensis''). In Japan it is also a vector of a roundworm ''Setaria digitata'' in sheep and goats.
Because of its similarity with other ''Anopheles'', it is now considered a species complex comprising at least four species. Its genome was sequenced in 2014.
==Taxonomy and description==
''An. sinensis'' is classfied as a species complex, and is a member of ''An. hyrcanus'' group. The group is distinguished from other groups by the presence of pale bands (usually four) on the palpi and by the presence of a tuft of dark scales on the clypeus on each side in the female adult. It was first described by German naturalist Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann in 1828, and became one of the earliest known species of ''Anopheles''. Due to its similarity with other mosquitos and geographical diversity, the species was redescribed several times by different taxonomists, with names like ''An. yesoensis'' (1913), ''An. sineroides'' (1924), ''An. lesetri'' (1936), ''An. pullus'' (1937), and ''An. yatsushiroensis'' (1951). These species are considered as either synonyms or members of the species complex.
Female ''An. sinensis ''has a dark-coloured body, with its palps are shorter than proboscis. The integument of the neck region is yellow. The legs are dark-brown on outer surface, but pale on the inside. The base of the leg is swollen towards the body. The wings are covered with dark and pale scales. The tip of the wing has a prominent spot. Larva has an elongated head. Its antennae are about the length of the head, and containing pointed spicules towards the inner side.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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